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Table 3 Ethanol concentrations and ethanol yields during SSF and PSSF of steam-pretreated wheat straw

From: Combined production of biogas and ethanol at high solids loading from wheat straw impregnated with acetic acid: experimental study and techno-economic evaluation

T (°C)

WIS (%)

Fermentation mode

Duration of experiment (h)a

Ethanol conc (g/L)

Ethanol yield (%) in the fermentationb

Ethanol g/100 g dry straw

190

10

SSF

96

23.4

68

12.6

200

30.5

85

16.2

210

31.4

87

15.5

200

12.5

SSF

96

39.6

86

16.3

PSSF

24 + 72

34.0

74

14.0

15

SSF

96

48.3

85

16.1

PSSF

24 + 72

44.8

79

15.0

17.5

SSF

96

57.2

83

15.9

PSSF

24 + 72

52.9

78

14.7

20

SSF

192c

67.3

83

15.9

PSSF

24 + 72

59.0

74

13.9

  1. Ethanol yields are expressed as % of theoretical and g ethanol produced per 100 g of dry straw. The maximum amount of ethanol that could be produced from 100 g dry straw is 18.5 g
  2. aDuration of prehydrolysis + duration of SSF
  3. b% of theoretical, based on the glucan content in the pretreated solids
  4. cDue to mixing difficulties, the SSF at 20 % WIS was run for 192 h