Enzymes | Native function/substrate | Promiscuous functions/substrate | Improvement by directed laboratory evolution and/or rational designing | References |
---|---|---|---|---|
Mammalian serum paraoxonase | Lipo-lactonase | Phosphotriesterase CMP-Coumarine (racemic mixture) | 77-fold higher | [35] |
CMP-Coumarine (sp isomer) | 86,000-fold | [39] | ||
Phosphotriesterase (PTE) from bacteria | Paraoxon hydrolysis | Racemic nerve agent VX | 230-fold | [42] |
DEVX | 78-fold | |||
 |  | Malathion | 5000-fold | [43] |
PLL scaffold (Dr0930) from Deinococcus radiodurans | Lactonase | OP hydrolase | 69,000-fold | [52] |
Sortase A from Staphylococcus aureus | Transpeptidation of LPXTG | LAXTG and LPXSG | 51,000-fold | [44] |
Human glutathione transferase (GST) M2-2 | 2-cyano-1,3-dimethyl-1-nitrosoguanidine | Azathioprine | 30-fold | [53] |