Table 4 Mutagenicity Index (MI) and Mutagenic Activity Ratio (MAR) with the TA100 test strains of S. typhimurium at 5μL/plate both with and without S9 metabolic activation for all PILs and selected precursors in this study

–

S9

–

S9

[DMEtA][OAc]

1.10 ± 0.02

1.13 ± 0.14

0.11 ± 0.003

0.15 ± 0.010

[DMEtA][Pr]

0.99 ± 0.08

1.45 ± 0.19

−0.01 ± 0.001

0.46 ± 0.220

[DMEtA][Hex]

0.07 ± 0.08

0.15 ± 0.03

−0.95 ± 0.149

−0.96 ± 0.091

[DMEtA][Oct]

–

–

–

–

[DMEtA][Gly]

0.74 ± 0.16

1.65 ± 0.10

−0.42 ± 0.024

0.35 ± 0.059

[DMEtA][Succ]

1.09 ± 0.05

0.99 ± 0.08

0.14 ± 0.003

−0.01 ± 0.001

[DMEtA][Cl]

1.11 ± 0.22

1.04 ± 0.08

0.15 ± 0.026

0.02 ± 0.003

[EMEtA][OAc]

0.95 ± 0.12

1.14 ± 0.05

−0.06 ± 0.003

0.16 ± 0.020

[DEEtA][OAc]

0.73 ± 0.06

0.74 ± 0.05

−0.69 ± 0.058

−0.64 ± 0.080

[BDEtA][OAc]

1.01 ± 0.10

1.30 ± 0.30

0.01 ± 0.001

0.32 ± 0.060

[MDEOMA][OAc]

1.09 ± 0.09

0.88 ± 0.33

0.09 ± 0.005

−0.09 ± 0.010

[MEtA][OAc]

0.96 ± 0.13

1.02 ± 0.22

−0.02 ± 0.002

0.01 ± 0.003

[DEtA][OAc]

0.68 ± 0.09

0.83 ± 0.06

−0.23 ± 0.037

−0.09 ± 0.011

[DEtA][Cl]

1.32 ± 0.09

1.11 ± 0.16

0.20 ± 0.009

0.06 ± 0.011

[DEOMA][OAc]

1.48 ± 0.10

0.85 ± 0.04

0.24 ± 0.028

−0.27 ± 0.025

[DEOMA][Cl]

1.21 ± 0.16

0.54 ± 0.11

0.14 ± 0.010

−0.85 ± 0.020

Diethanolamine

1.50 ± 0.17

0.51 ± 0.11

0.26 ± 0.032

−0.85 ± 0.217

N,N-dimethylethanolamine

0.66 ± 0.20

0.41 ± 0.08

−0.22 ± 0.052

−0.22 ± 0.048