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Sustainable Chemical Processes

Table 4 Seasonal variations

From: Use of solar energy for biodiesel production and use of biodiesel waste as a green reaction solvent

 

Spring (5/15/14)

Summer (6/6/14)

Fall (11/18/12)

Winter (1/30/14)

Time to begin reflux (minutes)

10

2

4

4

Reflux temperature

76°C

74°C

75°C

75°C

Average outside temperature

12°C

25°C

23°C

1°C

Outside conditions

Mostly cloudy

Sunny

Partly cloudy

Partly cloudy

Average solar irradiation (W/m 2 )

378

905

635

642

Percent yield

92%

94%

90%

95%

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