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Table 2 Pretreatment recovery and solid residues composition of post-biogas digestion manure fiber after treatment using NaOH and NH 3 at different conditions

From: Combined sodium hydroxide and ammonium hydroxide pretreatment of post-biogas digestion dairy manure fiber for cost effective cellulosic bioethanol production

Alkali loading%, gm/gm dry solids

Temperature (°C)

Residence time (min)

aModified CS factor, log M 0

Solids recovery%

Residue composition%, dry basis

Dilute NaOH

Aqueous NH3

Glucose

bTotal sugars

cTotal lignin (AIL + ASL)

2.0

2.0

100

5

0.09 (n = 0.89)

80.6 ± 0.1

24.2 ± 0.2

41.1 ± 0.6

31.1 ± 0.1

4.0

4.0

100

5

0.35

76.6 ± 0.0

24.7 ± 0.4

42.0 ± 0.4

31.0 ± 0.4

6.0

6.0

100

5

0.51

72.0 ± 0.5

25.0 ± 0.3

41.4 ± 0.5

29.0 ± 0.4

8.0

8.0

100

5

0.62

68.9 ± 0.1

27.3 ± 0.7

44.4 ± 1.2

28.6 ± 0.2

10.0

10.0

100

5

0.71

64.6 ± 0.3

28.2 ± 1.5

43.2 ± 1.2

27.6 ± 0.5

2.0

2.0

121/15 psi

60

0.26 (n = 3.1)

78.1 ± 0.2

25.3 ± 0.2

42.1 ± 0.2

31.5 ± 0.1

4.0

4.0

121/15 psi

60

1.20

71.2 ± 0.6

26.6 ± 0.8

42.9 ± 1.0

28.8 ± 0.3

6.0

6.0

121/15 psi

60

1.74

63.0 ± 0.2

30.0 ± 0.7

46.9 ± 1.0

26.5 ± 0.1

8.0

8.0

121/15 psi

60

2.14

57.0 ± 0.6

32.5 ± 0.0

52.3 ± 0.0

22.8 ± 0.0

10.0

10.0

121/15 psi

60

2.43

51.2 ± 0.0

32.8 ± 0.0

53.5 ± 0.0

19.5 ± 0.1

2.0

-

121/15 psi

60

0.21 (n = 2.2)

79.0 ± 0.1

25.5 ± 0.0

42.4 ± 0.0

33.2 ± 0.4

4.0

-

121/15 psi

60

0.89

72.6 ± 0.8

27.0 ± 1.1

44.2 ± 1.2

30.5 ± 0.2

6.0

-

121/15 psi

60

1.28

64.2 ± 0.1

31.1 ± 0.5

48.5 ± 1.3

27.3 ± 0.1

8.0

-

121/15 psi

60

1.56

58.5 ± 0.1

32.2 ± 0.0

48.9 ± 0.0

23.9 ± 1.3

10.0

-

121/15 psi

60

1.77

52.0 ± 0.3

31.8 ± 0.0

50.0 ± 0.0

20.1 ± 0.1

-

2.0

121/15 psi

60

0.21 (n = 2.2)

83.1 ± 0.4

22.9 ± 1.2

41.2 ± 1.8

33.1 ± 0.3

-

4.0

121/15 psi

60

0.89

79.5 ± 1.2

22.7 ± 0.1

42.2 ± 0.3

33.2 ± 0.2

-

6.0

121/15 psi

60

1.28

79.3 ± 1.6

22.2 ± 0.3

42.0 ± 0.0

32.6 ± 0.7

-

8.0

121/15 psi

60

1.56

77.2 ± 0.4

23.2 ± 0.4

43.1 ± 0.8

32.4 ± 0.2

-

10.0

121/15 psi

60

1.77

76.8 ± 0.8

23.2 ± 0.4

43.1 ± 0.8

31.2 ± 0.8

R2

    

0.95

0.90

0.79

0.87

RMSE

    

2.26

1.19

1.84

1.57

Tukey’s HSD (P < 0.05)

43.34

17.84

25.5

16.07

  1. a Modified combined severity factor; b Total sugars including glucose, xylose, galactose, arabinose and mannose; c Total lignin including acid insoluble lignin (AIL) and acid soluble lignin (ASL) after ash correction. Date are average of two replicates. Numbers with ± values represent standard errors.